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oracle基于增量备份如何解决dataguardgap问题

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Dataguard alert日志中报错：

2018-07-31T18:10:11.540837+08:00

Primary database   is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode

RFS[6]: Assigned   to RFS process (PID:18880)

RFS[6]: No   standby redo logfiles available for T-1

RFS[6]: Opened   log for T-1.S-102 dbid 2547745710 branch 981132078

2018-07-31T18:10:20.970874+08:00

Fetching gap   sequence in thread 1, gap sequence 95-95

2018-07-31T18:12:12.543715+08:00

FAL[client]:   Failed to request gap sequence

 GAP - thread 1 sequence 95-95

 DBID 2547745710 branch 981132078

FAL[client]: All   defined FAL servers have been attempted.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

Check that the   CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME initialization

parameter is   defined to a value that's sufficiently large

enough to   maintain adequate log switch information to resolve

archivelog gaps.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

发现数据库出现了gap。

决定用基于rman增量备份的方式来解决gap：

先备份备库的spfile：

SQL> create   pfile='/tmp/pfile180731.ora' from spfile;

 

File created.

当前的gap

SQL> select *   from v$archive_gap;

 

   THREAD# LOW_SEQUENCE# HIGH_SEQUENCE#     CON_ID

----------   ------------- -------------- ----------

         1            95             98          1

备库当前的scn

SQL> select   to_char(current_scn) from v$database;

 

TO_CHAR(CURRENT_SCN)

----------------------------------------

5694880

主库上根据备库查询的scn增量备份，注意备份控制文件

rman target /

 

Recovery   Manager: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Jul 31 18:43:05 2018

 

Copyright (c)   1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates.    All rights reserved.

 

connected to   target database: MINGDB (DBID=2547745710)

 

RMAN> run

2> {

3>  allocate channel d1 type disk;

4>  allocate channel d2 type disk;

5>  allocate channel d3 type disk;

6>  backup as   compressed backupset incremental from SCN 5694880 database format   '/opt/mingdbdata/archive/incre_db_%d_%T_%s.bak' include current controlfile   for standby;

7>  release channel d1;

8>  release channel d2;

9>  release channel d3;

10> }

 

using target   database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated   channel: d1

channel d1:   SID=37 device type=DISK

 

allocated   channel: d2

channel d2:   SID=14 device type=DISK

 

allocated   channel: d3

channel d3:   SID=40 device type=DISK

 

Starting backup   at 31-JUL-18

RMAN-06755:   warning: datafile 2: incremental-start SCN is too recent; using checkpoint   SCN 1119999 instead

RMAN-06755:   warning: datafile 4: incremental-start SCN is too recent; using checkpoint   SCN 1119999 instead

RMAN-06755:   warning: datafile 6: incremental-start SCN is too recent; using checkpoint   SCN 1119999 instead

channel d1:   starting compressed full datafile backup set

channel d1:   specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile   file number=00014 name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/soe01.dbf

input datafile   file number=00015 name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/tbs_ming01.dbf

channel d1:   starting piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

channel d2:   starting compressed full datafile backup set

channel d2:   specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile   file number=00008 name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/system01.dbf

input datafile   file number=00010 name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/undotbs01.dbf

channel d2:   starting piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

channel d3:   starting compressed full datafile backup set

channel d3:   specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile   file number=00001   name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_fn8w9k88_.dbf

input datafile   file number=00007   name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_fn8wbl6h_.dbf

channel d3:   starting piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

channel d3:   finished piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

piece   handle=/opt/mingdbdata/archive/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_67.bak   tag=TAG20180731T184314 comment=NONE

channel d3:   backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channel d3:   starting compressed full datafile backup set

channel d3:   specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile   file number=00009 name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/sysaux01.dbf

input datafile   file number=00011 name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/tbs_pdbadmin01.dbf

channel d3:   starting piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

channel d2:   finished piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

piece   handle=/opt/mingdbdata/archive/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_66.bak   tag=TAG20180731T184314 comment=NONE

channel d2:   backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08

channel d2:   starting compressed full datafile backup set

channel d2:   specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile   file number=00003   name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_fn8w9tvc_.dbf

input datafile   file number=00005   name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_fn8wb0wo_.dbf

channel d2:   starting piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

channel d3:   finished piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

piece   handle=/opt/mingdbdata/archive/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_68.bak   tag=TAG20180731T184314 comment=NONE

channel d3:   backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

channel d3:   starting compressed full datafile backup set

channel d3:   specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile   file number=00002   name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/70A2182C94E1412DE053B7D91FAC647A/datafile/o1_mf_system_fn8w9pls_.dbf

skipping   datafile 00002 because it has not changed

channel d3:   backup cancelled because all files were skipped

channel d3:   starting compressed full datafile backup set

channel d3:   specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile   file number=00004 name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/70A2182C94E1412DE053B7D91FAC647A/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_fn8w9yob_.dbf

skipping   datafile 00004 because it has not changed

channel d3:   backup cancelled because all files were skipped

channel d3:   starting compressed full datafile backup set

channel d3:   specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile   file number=00006   name=/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/70A2182C94E1412DE053B7D91FAC647A/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_fn8wb2lm_.dbf

skipping   datafile 00006 because it has not changed

channel d3:   backup cancelled because all files were skipped

channel d3:   starting compressed full datafile backup set

channel d3:   specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including   standby control file in backup set

channel d3:   starting piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

channel d3:   finished piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

piece   handle=/opt/mingdbdata/archive/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_73.bak   tag=TAG20180731T184314 comment=NONE

channel d3:   backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel d2:   finished piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

piece   handle=/opt/mingdbdata/archive/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_69.bak tag=TAG20180731T184314   comment=NONE

channel d2:   backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:11

channel d1:   finished piece 1 at 31-JUL-18

piece   handle=/opt/mingdbdata/archive/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_65.bak   tag=TAG20180731T184314 comment=NONE

channel d1:   backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:27

Finished backup   at 31-JUL-18

 

released   channel: d1

 

released   channel: d2

 

released   channel: d3

将增量文件传到备库

oracle@bd-dev-mingshuo-183:/opt/mingdbdata/archive$scp   *.bak oracle@172.31.217.182:/tmp/dbbackup

备库控制文件路径

SQL> select   name from v$controlfile;

 

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/controlfile/o1_mf_fn8w9go7_.ctl

备库rman catalog注册备份文件

RMAN> catalog   start with '/tmp/*.bak';

 

searching for   all files that match the pattern /tmp/*.bak

no files found   to be unknown to the database

 

RMAN> catalog   start with '/tmp/dbbackup/';

 

searching for   all files that match the pattern /tmp/dbbackup/

 

List of Files   Unknown to the Database

=====================================

File Name:   /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_67.bak

File Name:   /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_65.bak

File Name:   /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_69.bak

File Name:   /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_73.bak

File Name:   /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_68.bak

File Name:   /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_66.bak

 

Do you really   want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? YES

cataloging   files...

cataloging done

 

List of   Cataloged Files

=======================

File Name:   /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_67.bak

File Name:   /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_65.bak

File Name:   /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_69.bak

File Name:   /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_73.bak

File Name: /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_68.bak

File Name:   /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_66.bak

备库rman恢复

RMAN>  run

2>  {

3>  allocate channel d1 type disk;

4>  allocate channel d2 type disk;

5>  allocate channel d3 type disk;

6>  restore standby controlfile to   '/home/oracle/control01.ctl';

7>  recover database noredo;

8>  release channel d1;

9>  release channel d2;

10>  release channel d3;

11>  }

 

allocated   channel: d1

channel d1:   SID=30 device type=DISK

 

allocated   channel: d2

channel d2:   SID=792 device type=DISK

 

allocated   channel: d3

channel d3:   SID=32 device type=DISK

 

Starting restore   at 31-JUL-18

 

channel d1:   starting datafile backup set restore

channel d1:   restoring control file

output file   name=/home/oracle/control01.ctl

channel d1:   reading from backup piece /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_73.bak

channel d1:   piece handle=/tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_73.bak   tag=TAG20180731T184314

channel d1:   restored backup piece 1

channel d1:   restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished restore   at 31-JUL-18

 

Starting recover   at 31-JUL-18

channel d1:   starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel d1:   specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for   restore of datafile 00001: /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_fn8w9k88_.dbf

destination for   restore of datafile 00007:   /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_fn8wbl6h_.dbf

channel d1:   reading from backup piece /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_67.bak

channel d2:   starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel d2:   specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for   restore of datafile 00003:   /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_fn8w9tvc_.dbf

destination for   restore of datafile 00005: /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_fn8wb0wo_.dbf

channel d2:   reading from backup piece /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_69.bak

channel d3:   starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel d3:   specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for   restore of datafile 00008: /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/system01.dbf

destination for   restore of datafile 00010: /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/undotbs01.dbf

channel d3:   reading from backup piece /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_66.bak

released   channel: d1

released   channel: d2

released   channel: d3

RMAN-00571:   ===========================================================

RMAN-00569:   =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571:   ===========================================================

RMAN-03002:   failure of recover command at 07/31/2018 19:00:07

ORA-19870: error   while restoring backup piece /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_67.bak

ORA-19573:   cannot obtain exclusive enqueue for datafile 1

ORA-45909:   restore, recover or block media recovery may be in progress

报错是因为忘记将日志应用取消了，而且数据库还是open状态

取消日志应用，mount数据库

SQL> alter   database recover managed standby database cancel;

 

Database   altered.

SQL> shutdown   immediate

 

Database closed.

Database   dismounted.

ORACLE instance   shut down.

startup mount

SQL> SQL>   ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System   Global Area 3254779904 bytes

Fixed Size                  8797928 bytes

Variable   Size            1124073752 bytes

Database   Buffers         2097152000 bytes

Redo   Buffers               24756224 bytes

Database   mounted.

再次登入rman，尝试恢复：

oracle@bd-dev-mingshuo-182:/tmp$rman   target /

 

Recovery   Manager: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Jul 31 19:04:16 2018

 

Copyright (c)   1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates.    All rights reserved.

 

connected to   target database: MINGDB (DBID=2547745710, not open)

 

RMAN>  run

2>  {

3>  allocate channel d1 type disk;

4>  allocate channel d2 type disk;

5>  allocate channel d3 type disk;

6>  restore standby controlfile to '/home/oracle/control01.ctl';

7>  recover database noredo;

8>  release channel d1;

9>  release channel d2;

10>  release channel d3;

11>  }

 

using target   database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated   channel: d1

channel d1:   SID=24 device type=DISK

 

allocated   channel: d2

channel d2:   SID=785 device type=DISK

 

allocated   channel: d3

channel d3:   SID=25 device type=DISK

 

Starting restore   at 31-JUL-18

 

control file is   already restored to file /home/oracle/control01.ctl

restore not   done; all files read only, offline, excluded, or already restored

Finished restore   at 31-JUL-18

 

Starting recover   at 31-JUL-18

channel d1:   starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel d1:   specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for   restore of datafile 00001:   /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_fn8w9k88_.dbf

destination for   restore of datafile 00007:   /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_fn8wbl6h_.dbf

channel d1:   reading from backup piece /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_67.bak

channel d2:   starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel d2:   specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for   restore of datafile 00003:   /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_fn8w9tvc_.dbf

destination for   restore of datafile 00005:   /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_fn8wb0wo_.dbf

channel d2:   reading from backup piece /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_69.bak

channel d3:   starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel d3: specifying   datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for   restore of datafile 00008: /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/system01.dbf

destination for   restore of datafile 00010: /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/undotbs01.dbf

channel d3:   reading from backup piece /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_66.bak

channel d1:   piece handle=/tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_67.bak   tag=TAG20180731T184314

channel d1:   restored backup piece 1

channel d1:   restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel d1:   starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel d1:   specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for   restore of datafile 00009: /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/sysaux01.dbf

destination for   restore of datafile 00011: /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/tbs_pdbadmin01.dbf

channel d1:   reading from backup piece /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_68.bak

channel d2:   piece handle=/tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_69.bak   tag=TAG20180731T184314

channel d2:   restored backup piece 1

channel d2:   restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel d2:   starting incremental datafile backup set restore

channel d2:   specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

destination for   restore of datafile 00014: /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/soe01.dbf

destination for   restore of datafile 00015: /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGPDB1/tbs_ming01.dbf

channel d2:   reading from backup piece /tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_65.bak

channel d3:   piece handle=/tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_66.bak   tag=TAG20180731T184314

channel d3:   restored backup piece 1

channel d3:   restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel d1:   piece handle=/tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_68.bak   tag=TAG20180731T184314

channel d1:   restored backup piece 1

channel d1:   restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

channel d2:   piece handle=/tmp/dbbackup/incre_db_MINGDB_20180731_65.bak   tag=TAG20180731T184314

channel d2:   restored backup piece 1

channel d2:   restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

 

Finished recover   at 31-JUL-18

 

released   channel: d1

 

released channel:   d2

 

released   channel: d3

关闭数据库：

RMAN>   shutdown immediate;

 

database   dismounted

Oracle instance   shut down

拷贝restore出来的控制文件到原路径

oracle@bd-dev-mingshuo-182:~$   cp control01.ctl /opt/mingdbdata/data/MINGDB/controlfile/o1_mf_fn8w9go7_.ctl

打开数据库，开启日志应用：

oracle@bd-dev-mingshuo-182:~$sqlplus   / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus:   Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Jul 31 19:08:40 2018

 

Copyright (c)   1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights   reserved.

 

Connected to an   idle instance.

 

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System   Global Area 3254779904 bytes

Fixed Size                  8797928 bytes

Variable   Size            1124073752 bytes

Database   Buffers         2097152000 bytes

Redo   Buffers               24756224 bytes

Database   mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> alter   database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

 

Database   altered.

验证：

SQL> select   process,status,sequence# from v$managed_standby;

 

PROCESS   STATUS        SEQUENCE#

---------   ------------ ----------

DGRD      ALLOCATED             0

ARCH      CONNECTED             0

ARCH      CONNECTED             0

ARCH      CONNECTED             0

ARCH      CONNECTED             0

DGRD      ALLOCATED             0

RFS       IDLE                  0

RFS       IDLE                105

RFS       IDLE                  0

MRP0      WAIT_FOR_LOG        105

 

10 rows   selected.

MRP0进程已经在等待105好归档了。

主库切一下日志：

SQL> alter   system switch logfile;

 

System altered.

备库此时应用到的最大日志，已经追上了。

SQL> select   thread#,max(SEQUENCE#) from v$archived_log where applied='YES' group by   thread# ; 

 

   THREAD# MAX(SEQUENCE#)

----------   --------------

         1            105

“oracle基于增量备份如何解决dataguard gap问题”的内容就介绍到这里了，感谢大家的阅读。如果想了解更多行业相关的知识可以关注创新互联网站，小编将为大家输出更多高质量的实用文章！


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