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测试环境中执行opatch报错，简单描述一下解决过程。
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错误信息如下：
[orat3@hpserver2 OPatch]$ ./opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.5.1
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 10.2.0.5.1
Copyright (c) 2010, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
from : /etc/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.5.1
OUI version : 10.2.0.4.0
OUI location : /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10/oui
Log file location : /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch3012-04-11_14-26-55PM.log
Patch history file: /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch_history.txt
OPatch failed to locate Central Inventory.
Possible causes are:
The Central Inventory is corrupted
The oraInst.loc file specified is not valid.
LsInventorySession failed: OPatch failed to locate Central Inventory.
Possible causes are:
The Central Inventory is corrupted
The oraInst.loc file specified is not valid.
OPatch failed with error code 73
根据错误信息可以判断，Inventory的设置有误：/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory目录已经不存在了。问题出在oraInst.loc文件上，而提示信息也显示，当前操作是从/etc/oraInst.loc中获取信息。
由于这是测试环境，对数据库的ORACLE_HOME以及ORACLE_BASE都进行过迁移，因此opatch命令尝试找一个不存在的Inventory时报错。
找到/etc/oraInst.loc，将其指向一个正确的目录：
[root@hpserver2 ~]# cd /etc/
[root@hpserver2 etc]# vi oraInst.loc
inventory_loc=/t0/orat0/app/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall
将oraInst中inventory指向正确的位置后，再次运行opatch命令：
[orat3@hpserver2 OPatch]$ ./opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.5.1
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 10.2.0.5.1
Copyright (c) 2010, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10
Central Inventory : /t0/orat0/app/oracle/oraInventory
from : /etc/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.5.1
OUI version : 10.2.0.4.0
OUI location : /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10/oui
Log file location : /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch3012-04-11_14-28-18PM.log
Patch history file: /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch_history.txt
List of Homes on this system:
Home name= OraDb10g_home1, Location= "/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1"
Home name= OraDb11g_home1, Location= "/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1"
Home name= Ora11g_gridinfrahome1, Location= "/u02/app/grid"
Home name= OraDb10g_home2, Location= "/t3/orat3/database/102044"
Home name= OraDb10g_home3, Location= "/t3/orat3/database/1020410"
Inventory load failed... OPatch cannot load inventory for the given Oracle Home.
Possible causes are:
Oracle Home dir. path does not exist in Central Inventory
Oracle Home is a symbolic link
Oracle Home inventory is corrupted
LsInventorySession failed: OracleHomeInventory gets null oracleHomeInfo
OPatch failed with error code 73
虽然还有错误，但是错误信息已经发生了变化。检查列出信息中当前的ORACLE_HOME设置，发现配置有误：
[root@hpserver2 ~]# su - orat0
[orat0@hpserver2 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_BASE
[orat0@hpserver2 oracle]$ cd oraInventory/
[orat0@hpserver2 oraInventory]$ cd ContentsXML/
[orat0@hpserver2 ContentsXML]$ vi inventory.xml
10.2.0.1.0
2.1.0.6.0
"inventory.xml" 18L, 786C written
将XML文件中ORACLE_HOME的配置修改正确后，再次运行opatch，问题解决：
[orat3@hpserver2 OPatch]$ ./opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.5.1
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 10.2.0.5.1
Copyright (c) 2010, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10
Central Inventory : /t0/orat0/app/oracle/oraInventory
from : /etc/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.5.1
OUI version : 10.2.0.4.0
OUI location : /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10/oui
Log file location : /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch3012-04-11_14-31-23PM.log
Patch history file: /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch_history.txt
Lsinventory Output file location : /t3/orat3/product/10.2.0/db_4.10/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2012-04-11_14-31-23PM.txt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installed Top-level Products (2):
Oracle Database 10g 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Database 10g Release 2 Patch Set 3 10.2.0.4.0
There are 2 products installed in this Oracle Home.
Interim patches (2) :
Patch 12827778 : applied on Sat Feb 25 03:57:18 ICT 2012
Unique Patch ID: 14145955
Created on 29 Sep 2011, 00:45:30 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
12566124, 12566141, 12566142, 12566126, 12828112, 12566143, 6631533
9573054, 12419397, 12566129, 9714832, 11725015, 10014012, 11787762
11787763, 10249540, 11787764, 10014015, 11787765, 11724977, 9952234
11787766, 10325885, 10248636, 11787767, 10013975, 9173248, 9678690
7609058, 9952272, 9678695, 9678697, 12566131, 9713537, 12566134, 9655017
12827778, 9654991, 12566136, 12566137, 12976521, 12976522, 12566139
12976523, 12976524, 9442335, 10014009, 10325878, 8309642, 12419249
12565867, 12566121
This patch overlays patches:
9352164
This patch needs patches:
9352164
as prerequisites
Patch 9352164 : applied on Sat Feb 25 03:03:03 ICT 2012
Unique Patch ID: 12307477
Created on 1 Apr 2010, 11:33:14 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
9377578, 6418420, 7835247, 7207654, 7592346, 6724797, 7936993, 7331867
9093300, 7535152, 7552067, 5879114, 8866013, 5457450, 8344348, 7272297
7136866, 7196894, 6258480, 7013124, 6512622, 6355586, 7196532, 8568395
8309587, 7557226, 5399699, 6509115, 8568397, 8568398, 7127618, 5701695
6052226, 7424804, 6817593, 7553884, 6741425, 7513673, 6783812, 8437213
6452766, 6469211, 7527650, 8309592, 8479537, 5991038, 5686407, 6945157
7639602, 9119226, 6403091, 7589862, 7552082, 6711853, 8304589, 6052169
8199266, 6327692, 5756769, 9352191, 7460818, 6268409, 8232056, 6687381
6972843, 8230457, 6800507, 7027551, 6778714, 6200820, 6645719, 7393804
6775231, 3934160, 6683178, 6650256, 5085288, 7528105, 7329252, 6378112
6151380, 6844866, 4723109, 8544896, 5126719, 5890312, 5934363, 7036453
7610362, 8426816, 8433026, 7270434, 7172531, 6451626, 8247855, 5497338
6324944, 6874522, 7175513, 6960489, 7341598, 8576156, 6797677, 8342923
5895190, 6756739, 7150470, 7593835, 7356443, 7044551, 8227106, 4695511
7298688, 5747462, 8556340, 7197445, 5348308, 7937113, 8341623, 7569205
8409848, 6053134, 6163771, 6851669, 6181488, 6375150, 6825866, 7210921
7295780, 6345573, 7033630, 6954722, 6824129, 7523475, 7457766, 7309458
8324577, 6840740, 6804746, 7375611, 8268054, 6981690, 6512811, 6988017
7375613, 8344399, 7340448, 8362683, 7375617, 8251247, 5933656, 6005347
9145204, 6599920, 7238230, 6379441, 6452375, 6352003, 6833965, 7136489
6610218, 7612639, 6392076, 7225204, 9119194, 5476236, 9442328, 7609057
7609058, 6605106, 6374297, 6193945, 4693355, 8217795, 7039896, 7432514
7330909, 6952701, 7190270, 8287155, 7587008, 7207932, 6802650, 7189447
8481935, 4598439, 9442331, 6615740, 7155655, 6749617, 9442335, 7159505
5868257, 5727166, 7173005, 6917874, 9442339, 7013768, 7691766, 7385253
7291739, 7225720, 7257770, 7363767, 7244238, 6941717, 8267348, 7710551
8354686, 7247217, 8328954, 7299153, 8909984, 6681695, 8702276, 9119284
8217011, 7661251, 6265559, 6823287, 6991626, 6954829, 5259835, 6500033
5923486, 7432601, 7022234, 8534387, 5147386, 7697802, 6653934, 7375644
6490140, 7662491, 8331466, 5623467, 6070225, 6635214, 7396409, 6638558
7038750, 6714608, 6838714, 6870937, 7219752, 7263842, 7278117, 6882739
5404871, 8836667, 8373286, 7393292, 6678845, 6903051, 7936793, 6600051
7155248, 4966512, 7155249, 7197637, 8836308, 8568402, 8568404, 8568405
8431487, 5704108, 6343150, 7280764, 6923450, 7643632, 6145177, 8836671
8310931, 6640411, 8347704, 8836675, 7155250, 7155251, 8836677, 7155252
8836678, 7155253, 8292378, 7155254, 6219529, 7411865, 8227091, 8340379
7276960, 6145687, 7659217, 5863926, 7022905, 6852598, 7123643, 6596564
6413089, 6851438, 8836681, 8836683, 8836684, 8836686, 7579469, 7494333
7315642, 8340383, 6786022, 8340387, 6926448, 7600026, 7462072, 6679303
8815639, 7197583, 7172752, 7326645, 7008262, 9173244, 9173248, 7573151
8490879, 7477934, 6725634, 6733655, 6799205, 6980597, 7499353, 6084232
6014513, 7140204, 7254987, 8833280, 6647480, 6120004, 7693128, 6760697
6051177, 8247215, 6858062, 7189645, 6844739, 6768251, 7196863, 5630796
7378661, 7378735, 5970301, 6705822, 8290506, 6658484, 7599944, 9173253
8309623, 7125408, 7257461, 6987790, 7568556, 6919819, 8886674, 5883691
6955744, 7801939, 6074620, 7149004, 6857917, 8283650, 6445948, 5929055
6110752, 7552042, 8210889, 8287504, 6506617, 7306915, 6271590, 5386204
6976005, 8330783, 7606362, 5377242, 7043989, 8309632, 7575925, 6870047
8309637, 5902053, 8309639, 7028176, 6827260, 7588384, 4726401, 6720712
5910650, 6752765, 6971433, 6024730, 8315482, 6628122, 8239142, 9352164
5695562, 4637902, 7345904, 8309642, 6994160, 8556586, 6404447, 8220734
6919764, 7597354, 7523787, 6029179, 5231155, 6455659
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPatch succeeded.