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估计是你的发送指令不正确，设备返回你发送的指令后面加''？""
vb.net的话
For
Each
sp
As
String
In
My.Computer.Ports.SerialPortNames
cbxport.Items.Add(sp)
Next
vb6.0的话要调用API查看串口相关信息存在的注册表。
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\HARDWARE\DEVICEMAP\SERIALCOMM
通过读注册表的方法获得串口数量，当然也可以获得串口号了。
Option
Explicit
Private
Declare
Function
RegOpenKey
Lib
"advapi32.dll
"
Alias
"RegOpenKeyA
"
(ByVal
hKey
As
Long,
ByVal
lpSubKey
As
String,
phkResult
As
Long)
As
Long
Private
Declare
Function
RegQueryInfoKey
Lib
"advapi32.dll
"
Alias
"RegQueryInfoKeyA
"
(ByVal
hKey
As
Long,
ByVal
lpClass
As
String,
lpcbClass
As
Long,
ByVal
lpReserved
As
Long,
lpcSubKeys
As
Long,
lpcbMaxSubKeyLen
As
Long,
lpcbMaxClassLen
As
Long,
lpcValues
As
Long,
lpcbMaxValueNameLen
As
Long,
lpcbMaxValueLen
As
Long,
lpcbSecurityDescriptor
As
Long,
lpftLastWriteTime
As
Long)
As
Long
Private
Const
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
=
H80000002
'
获得当前系统的
COM
口的数量
Function
GetCOMCount()
As
Integer
Dim
ret
As
Long,
cntCOM
As
Long
RegOpenKey
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
"HARDWARE\DEVICEMAP\SERIALCOMM
",
ret
RegQueryInfoKey
ret,
"
",
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
cntCOM,
0,
0,
0,
GetCOMCount
=
cntCOM
End
Function
Private
Sub
Command1_Click()
MsgBox
"您的机器有
"
GetCOMCount
"
个串口。
",
vbOKOnly,
"串口数量
"
End
Sub
上面的代码看不出问题，如果初始化串口控件时已经注册了AxMSComm1_OnComm，有数据接收应该能触发，至于为什么没有触发，要看看你的接收方是否已经收到你的发出指令，是否已经有响应数据回发。
建议分开调试，用一个通用的串口助手，如格西烽火串口助手之类的，分别调试你的上位机和下位机。格西烽火串口助手能轻松的定制如你上面的发送数据。
你定义的委托需要带参数才行，DataReceived事件中没有接收数据代码，下面的代码经测试可用
Delegate Sub SetTextCallback(ByVal InputString As String)
Private Sub ShowString(ByVal comData As String)
txt_Rect.Text += comData '将收到的数据入接收文字框中
txt_Rect.SelectionStart = txt_Rect.Text.Length
txt_Rect.ScrollToCaret()
End Sub
Private Sub SerialPort1_DataReceived(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.IO.Ports.SerialDataReceivedEventArgs) Handles SerialPort1.DataReceived
Dim inData As String = SerialPort1.ReadExisting
Dim d As New SetTextCallback(AddressOf ShowString)
BeginInvoke(d, inData)
End Sub