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《基础环境准备：》
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首先安装两台MySQL5.7.16数据库，安装如下步骤即可：
一、系统环境准备：
①：系统yum源配置：
[linux]
name=linux hae
baseurl=file:///media/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///media/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
②：挂载Linux7.1系统盘安装必要的软件
yum -y install gcc* gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake bison libgcrypt perl
③：卸载系统自带的MySQL软件：
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep maria*
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-server
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb
④：修改系统参数
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft nproc 65535
* hard nproc 65535
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile
ulimit -u 65535
ulimit -n 65535
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required pam_limits.so
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
⑤：创建安装MySQL的必要目录
[root@localhost ~]# useradd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# passwd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /mysql/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /mysql/data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 755 /mysql
二、开始安装MySQL5.7.16
①：解压MySQL软件
[mysql@localhost mysql]$ tar -zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
[mysql@localhost mysql]$ tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.16.tar.gz
②：编译MySQL5.7.16
[mysql@localhost mysql-5.7.16]$ cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/mysql/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mysql/data \
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/mysql/boost_1_59_0
[mysql@localhost mysql-5.7.16]$ make -j 4
[mysql@localhost mysql-5.7.16]$ make install
③：初始化数据库
/mysql/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/mysql/mysql/ --datadir=/mysql/data/
（初始化数据库后，会生成root用户的默认密码，要记住）
④：编辑my.cnf配置文件，启动数据库
[mysql@localhost data]$ vim my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /mysql/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /mysql/mysql/mysql.sock
basedir = /mysql/mysql
datadir = /mysql/data
pid-file =/mysql/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id = 1 ------从库的编号可以设置 2 不能和主库一致；
init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'
character-set-server = utf8mb4
back_log = 300
max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 4M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
key_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
log_bin = mysql-bin
expire_logs_days = 30
log_error = /mysql/data/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /mysql/data/mysql-slow.log
performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
skip-external-locking
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_open_files = 500
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_purge_threads = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M
启动MySQL数据库：
/mysql/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysql/data/my.cnf &
⑤：启动数据库修改默认密码
[mysql@localhost ~]$ mysql -u root -p （使用刚才的密码）
注意：如果提示密码过期不让登陆，可以在my.cnf配置文件加入：
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
然后重启MySQL，不用输入密码就可以登录数据库了！
最后修改默认密码：
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root' ;
mysql> update mysql.user set password_expired='N';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;
⑥：创建同步用用户（在主库）
mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to repl@'192.168.2.200' identified by 'feige';
###########################################################################
gtid 复制操作
一、主库操作
1、编辑主库的my.cnf配置文件，添加如下：
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency = 1
binlog_format = row
skip_slave_start=1
2、重新启动MySQL主库；
3、在主库创建测试用schema和表
mysql> create database zhang;
mysql> use zhang
mysql> show tables;
mysql> create table emp (id int);
mysql> insert into emp values (1);
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000008 | 738 | | | ac3842d2-ba9a-11e6-9e1b-000c298cd705:1-3 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
注意：我们在主库开启了gtid复制，而且创建了测试用schema和表 并且查看状态可以得知目前的gtid号：1-3
二、从库操作：
1、编辑从库的my.cnf配置文件，添加如下：
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency = 1
binlog_format = row
skip_slave_start=1
2、重新启动MySQL主库；
3、配置主从同步：
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.2.100', MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='feige', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;
4、开启从库主从同步：
mysql> start slave;
5、开始验证主从同步状态：
注意：开启主从后，主库刚才创建的测试库和表都会复制过来，因为在主库开启gtid的时候 主库的每一步操作都会有个gtid号，等着从库开启同步后，会把所有记录的操作都会同步到从库；
注意：gtid复制 有很多限制：