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本篇内容主要讲解“java怎么用RSA与AES进行加密解密”，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“java怎么用RSA与AES进行加密解密”吧!
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首先了解下，什么是堆成加密，什么是非对称加密？
对称加密：加密与解密的密钥是相同的，加解密速度很快，比如AES
非对称加密：加密与解密的秘钥是不同的，速度较慢，比如RSA
•先看代码（先会用在研究）
相关依赖：
1，RSA工具类：
package cn.wangtao.utils;import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import javax.crypto.Cipher;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;import java.security.*;import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;/** * @ClassName RSAUtils * @Auth 桃子 * @Date 2019-6-25 15:15 * @Version 1.0 * @Description **/public class RSAUtils { private static final String RSA = "RSA"; // 加密方式 private static final Logger logger= LoggerFactory.getLogger(RSAUtils.class); //获取密钥 public static KeyPair getKey() throws Exception { try { KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(RSA, new BouncyCastleProvider()); keyPairGenerator.initialize(2048); // 初始化密钥长度 KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();// 生成密钥对 return keyPair; } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("获取RSA秘钥对异常",e); throw new Exception("获取RSA秘钥对异常",e); } } //利用公钥进行加密 public static String encryptStr(RSAPublicKey publicKey, String str) throws Exception { try { Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA, new BouncyCastleProvider()); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey); //加密 byte[] bytes = getBytes(str.getBytes(), cipher); //2进行转换成16进制 String result = CommonUtils.parseByte2HexStr(bytes); return result; } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("使用RSA公钥进行加密异常",e); throw new Exception("使用RSA公钥进行加密异常",e); } } //利用私钥进行解密 public static String decryptStr(RSAPrivateKey privateKey, String str) throws Exception { try { Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA, new BouncyCastleProvider()); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey); // 用密钥初始化此Cipher对象 //16进制转换成2进制 byte[] bytes = CommonUtils.parseHexStr2Byte(str); //解密 byte[] bs = getBytes(bytes, cipher); String content=new String(bs,"utf-8"); return content; } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("使用RSA私钥进行解密异常",e); throw new Exception("使用RSA私钥进行解密异常",e); } } //通过cipher获取字节数组 public static byte[] getBytes(byte[] bytes,Cipher cipher) throws Exception { int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize(); // 返回块的大小 int j = 0; ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); while (bytes.length - j * blockSize > 0) { // 将二进制数据分块写入ByteArrayOutputStream中 if(bytes.length-j*blockSize>blockSize){ baos.write(cipher.doFinal(bytes, j * blockSize, blockSize)); }else{ baos.write(cipher.doFinal(bytes, j * blockSize,bytes.length-j*blockSize)); } j++; } baos.close(); byte[] byteArray = baos.toByteArray(); return byteArray; } //保存秘钥对到文件 public void saveRSAKey(String fileName) throws Exception { FileOutputStream fos=null; ObjectOutputStream oos=null; try { KeyPair keyPair = getKey(); fos=new FileOutputStream(fileName); oos=new ObjectOutputStream(fos); //对象序列号 oos.writeObject(keyPair); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("RSA秘钥对保存到文件异常[{}]",fileName,e); throw new Exception("RSA秘钥对保存到文件异常",e); }finally { if(oos!=null){ try { oos.close(); } catch (IOException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } } if(fos!=null){ try { fos.close(); } catch (IOException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } } } }}
2，CommonUtils通用工具类：
package cn.wangtao.utils;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.Reader;import java.io.Writer;/** * @ClassName CommonUtils * @Auth 桃子 * @Date 2019-6-27 12:51 * @Version 1.0 * @Description **/public class CommonUtils { private static final Logger logger= LoggerFactory.getLogger(CommonUtils.class); //编码方式 public static final String CODE_TYPE = "UTF-8"; //字符补全 private static final String[] consult = new String[]{"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","A","B","C","D","E","F","G"}; //关流 public static void closeReaderandWriter(Reader reader, Writer writer){ if(writer!=null){ try { writer.close(); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("关闭输出流失败",e); } } if(reader!=null){ try { reader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("关闭输出流失败",e); } } } //将16进制转换为二进制 public static byte[] parseHexStr2Byte(String hexStr) { if (hexStr.length() < 1) return null; byte[] result = new byte[hexStr.length()/2]; for (int i = 0;i< hexStr.length()/2; i++) { int high = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i*2, i*2+1), 16); int low = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i*2+1, i*2+2), 16); result[i] = (byte) (high * 16 + low); } return result; } //将二进制转换成16进制 public static String parseByte2HexStr(byte buf[]) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) { String hex = Integer.toHexString(buf[i] & 0xFF); if (hex.length() == 1) { hex = '0' + hex; } sb.append(hex.toUpperCase()); } return sb.toString(); } //补全字符 public static String completionCodeFor16Bytes(String str) throws Exception { try{ int num = str.getBytes(CODE_TYPE).length; int index = num%16; //进行加密内容补全操作, 加密内容应该为 16字节的倍数, 当不足16*n字节是进行补全, 差一位时 补全16+1位 //补全字符 以 $ 开始,$后一位代表$后补全字符位数,之后全部以0进行补全; if(index != 0){ StringBuffer sbBuffer = new StringBuffer(str); if(16-index == 1){ sbBuffer.append("$" + consult[16-1] + addStr(16-1-1)); }else{ sbBuffer.append("$" + consult[16-index-1] + addStr(16-index-1-1)); } str = sbBuffer.toString(); } return str; }catch (Exception e){ logger.error("使用AES加密前补全字符异常",e); throw new Exception("使用AES加密前补全字符异常",e); } } //追加字符 public static String addStr(int num){ StringBuffer sbBuffer = new StringBuffer(""); for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) { sbBuffer.append("0"); } return sbBuffer.toString(); } //还原字符(进行字符判断) public static String resumeCodeOf16Bytes(String str) throws Exception{ int indexOf = str.lastIndexOf("$"); if(indexOf == -1){ return str; } String trim = str.substring(indexOf+1,indexOf+2).trim(); int num = 0; for (int i = 0; i < consult.length; i++) { if(trim.equals(consult[i])){ num = i; } } if(num == 0){ return str; } return str.substring(0,indexOf).trim(); }}
3，AESUtils通用工具类：
package cn.wangtao.utils;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import javax.crypto.Cipher;import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;import java.io.*;import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;import java.util.Map;/** * @ClassName AESUtils * @Auth 桃子 * @Date 2019-6-27 12:05 * @Version 1.0 * @Description **/public class AESUtils { private static final Logger logger= LoggerFactory.getLogger(AESUtils.class); //填充类型 public static final String AES_TYPE = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding"; private static final String AES = "AES"; // 加密方式 public static final String DES_TYPE = "DES/ECB/PKCS5Padding"; private static final String DES = "DES"; // 加密方式 private final String defaultDesKey="11112222";//8位 //对字符串加密 public static String encryptStr(String content,String aesKey) throws Exception { try { SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(aesKey.getBytes(),AES ); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES_TYPE); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key); //字符补全 String content16Str = CommonUtils.completionCodeFor16Bytes(content); byte[] encryptedData = cipher.doFinal(content16Str.getBytes(CommonUtils.CODE_TYPE)); //2进制转换成16进制 String hexStr = CommonUtils.parseByte2HexStr(encryptedData); return hexStr; } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("使用AES对字符串加密异常",e); throw new Exception("使用AES对字符串加密异常",e); } } //对字符串解密 public static String decryptStr(String content,String aesKey) throws Exception { try { //16进制转换成2进制 byte[] bytes = CommonUtils.parseHexStr2Byte(content); SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec( aesKey.getBytes(), AES); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES_TYPE); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key); byte[] decryptedData = cipher.doFinal(bytes); String result=new String(decryptedData, CommonUtils.CODE_TYPE); //还原字符 String orgResult = CommonUtils.resumeCodeOf16Bytes(result); return orgResult; } catch (Exception e) { logger.error("使用AES对字符串解密异常",e); throw new Exception("使用AES对字符串解密异常",e); } } //对文件加密 public static File encryptFile(File orgFile, File encryptFile, Map
4，Dirt常量
package cn.wangtao.utils;import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;/** * @ClassName Dirt * @Auth 桃子 * @Date 2019-6-27 14:20 * @Version 1.0 * @Description **/public class Dirt { public static final String UPLOADFILEURL="uploadFileUrl"; public static final String AES_KEY="aesKey"; public static final String RSAPUBLICKEY="rsaPublicKey"; public static final String RSAPRIVATEKEY="rsaPrivateKey"; public final static String RETURNCODE="returnCode"; public final static String RETURNMSG="returnMsg"; public final static String FILENAME="fileName"; public final static String ORGFILENAME="orgFileName"; public final static String ENCRYPTFILE="encryptFile"; public static final String BUFFEREDWRITER="bufferedWriter"; //是为了在原始文件中进行补充加密 //返回码 public final static String SUCCESSCODE="000000"; public final static String FAILEDCODE="999999"; //加密文件所放的目录 public final static String BASELOCALDIR="XXX"; //基本目录路径 public final static String ENCRYPTLOCALDIR="encrypt"; //加密文件目录
到此，相信大家对“java怎么用RSA与AES进行加密解密”有了更深的了解，不妨来实际操作一番吧！这里是创新互联网站，更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询，关注我们，继续学习！