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1、首先要设置控制文件自动备份
2、自动化恢复脚本，使用如下命令
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restore controlfile from autobackup;此命令会找到最新的控制文件进行恢复，以下做一个测试来验证。
多次备份数据文件，生成多个控制文件备份。然后进行恢复操作，发现找到最近备份的控制文件进行恢复，我们也可以按照时间进行控制文件的删除。操作过程如下：
RMAN> show all;
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORCL are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl1.f'; # default
RMAN> delete backup of controlfile completed before 'sysdate-1/10';
using channel ORA_DISK_1
List of Backup Pieces
BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
2 2 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1515642676-20180927-00
4 4 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1515642676-20180927-01
Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? no
RMAN>
RMAN> list backup of controlfile;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------
2 Full 17.70M DISK 00:00:02 27-SEP-2018 11:08:08
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180927×××10806
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1515642676-20180927-00
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 794221 Ckp time: 27-SEP-2018 11:08:06
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------
4 Full 17.70M DISK 00:00:05 27-SEP-2018 11:09:18
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180927×××10913
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1515642676-20180927-01
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 794259 Ckp time: 27-SEP-2018 11:09:13
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------
6 Full 17.70M DISK 00:00:01 27-SEP-2018 14:13:46
BP Key: 6 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180927×××41345
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1515642676-20180927-02
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 801298 Ckp time: 27-SEP-2018 14:13:45
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------
8 Full 17.70M DISK 00:00:01 27-SEP-2018 14:15:02
BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180927×××41501
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1515642676-20180927-03
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 801359 Ckp time: 27-SEP-2018 14:15:01
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------
10 Full 17.70M DISK 00:00:01 27-SEP-2018 14:16:06
BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180927×××41605
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1515642676-20180927-04
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 801655 Ckp time: 27-SEP-2018 14:16:05
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------
12 Full 17.70M DISK 00:00:01 27-SEP-2018 14:16:27
BP Key: 12 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180927×××41626
Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1515642676-20180927-05
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 801678 Ckp time: 27-SEP-2018 14:16:26
RMAN> restore controlfile to '/tmp/control01.clt' from autobackup;
Starting restore at 27-SEP-2018 14:28:50
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20180927
channel ORA_DISK_1: AUTOBACKUP found: c-1515642676-20180927-05
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file from AUTOBACKUP c-1515642676-20180927-05
channel ORA_DISK_1: control file restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 27-SEP-2018 14:28:53
RMAN>