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本篇内容主要讲解“微服务CI/CD实践之GitOps完整设计与实现的方法教程”，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“微服务CI/CD实践之GitOps完整设计与实现的方法教程”吧!
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单应用与环境
多应用与环境
CI持续集
成首先准备一个代码库：https://github.com/DevOpsCICDCourse/microservicescicd/blob/main/microservice-demo-service-master.zip
我们来梳理一下CI流水线的步骤：
由于此次实现的代码仓库类型为单一存储库，即一个存储库存放多个服务模块代码，每个子目录为一个服务模块。
首先，我们的持续集成流水线需要能够正确获取，当前的commit是哪个服务的代码。
确定好服务，然后下载该服务的代码，进行编译打包、单元测试、代码扫描和构建镜像等步骤。
如何获取commit的服务信息?这里我们使用GitLab WebHook功能和Jenkins 的job 构建触发器对接来实现。
工作流程是：当我在Gitlab提交了代码，会通过GitLab webhook 触发Jenkins Scheduler 作业， 会将此次提交代码所产生的hook data数据信息以POST的方式传给Jenkins Job。此时Jenkins job可以编写使用Generic Hook插件获取此次POST请求传输过来的请求体Body信息。是一段JSON数据， 该job运行后编写Pipeline 解析JSON中的数据拿到所变更的服务模块信息。最后触发对应服务的CI作业进行构建。
CI-Scheduler 作业
此作业只需要开启webhook， 配置触发token(唯一性)。生成hookurl：http://jenkins.idevops.site/generic-webhook-trigger/invoke?token=microservicecicd-scheduler-CI
Jenkinsfile
pipeline { agent any stages{ stage("GetData"){ steps{ script { echo "${webHookData}" data = readJSON text: "${webHookData}" println(data) env.branchName = data.ref - "refs/heads/" env.commitId = data.checkout_sha env.projectId = data.project_id commits = data["commits"] println("${env.branchName}") println("${env.commitID}") println("${env.projectId}") //env.moduleName = "service01" changeServices = [] for(commit in commits) { println(commit.id) //added for (add in commit.added) { s = add.split("/") as List if (s.size() > 1){ if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){ changeServices.add(s[0]) } } } //modified for (m in commit.modified) { s = m.split("/") as List // println s // println s.size() // println s[0] if (s.size() > 1){ // println changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){ changeServices.add(s[0]) } } } //removed for (r in commit.removed) { s = r.split("/") as List println s if (s.size() > 1){ if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){ changeServices.add(s[0]) } } } } println(changeServices) //currentBuild.description = " Trigger by ${eventType} ${changeServices} } } } stage('DefineService') { steps { script{ println(changeServices) //服务构建顺序控制 services = ['service02', 'service01'] for (service in services){ if (changeServices.indexOf(service) != -1){ jobName = 'microservicecicd-'+service+'-service-CI' build job: jobName, wait: false, parameters: [string(name: 'branchName', value: "${env.branchName}" ), string(name: 'commitId', value: "${env.commitId}" ), string(name: 'projectId', value: "${env.projectId}" )] } } } } } } }GitLab 配置WebHook
开启webhook，配置hookurl：http://jenkins.idevops.site/generic-webhook-trigger/invoke?token=microservicecicd-scheduler-CI
CI流水线-CI作业
每个微服务创建一个CI作业，具有三个字符串参数：分支名称、commitID、项目ID。
Jenkinsfile
String branchName = "${env.branchName}" String moduleName = "${JOB_NAME}".split("/")[1].split("-")[1] String srcUrl = "http://gitlab.idevops.site/microservicecicd/microservicecicd-demo-service.git" String commitId = "${env.commitId}" String projectId = "${env.projectId}" pipeline { agent { node { label "build" } } stages { stage('GetCode') { steps { script { checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches: [[name: "${branchName}"]], doGenerateSubmoduleConfigurations: false, extensions: [[$class: 'SparseCheckoutPaths', sparseCheckoutPaths: [[path: "${moduleName}"],[path: 'Dockerfile']]]], submoduleCfg: [], userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: 'gitlab-admin-user', url: "${srcUrl}"]]]) } } } stage("Build&Test"){ steps{ script{ echo "Build..........." sh """ cd ${moduleName} mvn clean package """ } } post { always { junit "${moduleName}/target/surefire-reports/*.xml" } } } stage("SonarScan"){ steps{ script{ def sonarDate = sh returnStdout: true, script: 'date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S' sonarDate = sonarDate - "\n" withCredentials([string(credentialsId: 'sonar-admin-user', variable: 'sonartoken'), string(credentialsId: 'gitlab-user-token', variable: 'gitlabtoken')]) { // some block sh """ cd ${moduleName} sonar-scanner \ -Dsonar.projectKey=${JOB_NAME} \ -Dsonar.projectName=${JOB_NAME} \ -Dsonar.projectVersion=${sonarDate} \ -Dsonar.ws.timeout=30 \ -Dsonar.projectDescription="xxxxxxx" \ -Dsonar.links.homepage=http://www.baidu.com \ -Dsonar.sources=src \ -Dsonar.sourceEncoding=UTF-8 \ -Dsonar.java.binaries=target/classes \ -Dsonar.java.test.binaries=target/test-classes \ -Dsonar.java.surefire.report=target/surefire-reports \ -Dsonar.host.url="http://sonar.idevops.site" \ -Dsonar.login=${sonartoken} \ -Dsonar.gitlab.commit_sha=${commitId} \ -Dsonar.gitlab.ref_name=${branchName} \ -Dsonar.gitlab.project_id=${projectId} \ -Dsonar.dynamicAnalysis=reuseReports \ -Dsonar.gitlab.failure_notification_mode=commit-status \ -Dsonar.gitlab.url=http://gitlab.idevops.site \ -Dsonar.gitlab.user_token=${gitlabtoken} \ -Dsonar.gitlab.api_version=v4 """ } } } } stage("BuildImage"){ steps{ script{ withCredentials([usernamePassword(credentialsId: 'aliyun-registry-admin', passwordVariable: 'password', usernameVariable: 'username')]) { env.nowDate = sh returnStdout: true, script: 'date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S' env.nowDate = env.nowDate - "\n" env.releaseVersion = "${env.branchName}" env.imageTag = "${releaseVersion}-${nowDate}-${commitId}" env.dockerImage = "registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/microservicecicd/microservicecicd-${moduleName}-service:${env.imageTag}" env.jarName = "${moduleName}-${branchName}-${commitId}" sh """ docker login -u ${username} -p ${password} registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com cd ${moduleName} && docker build -t ${dockerImage} -f ../Dockerfile --build-arg SERVICE_NAME=${jarName} . sleep 1 docker push ${dockerImage} sleep 1 docker rmi ${dockerImage} """ } } } } } }GitOps-CI扩展部分
在原始CI作业的步骤基础上，增加了一个更新环境的步骤。GitOps实践会将当前的基础环境部署文件存放到一个Git仓库中。我们的CI作业在完成镜像上传后，同时更新环境部署文件中的镜像标签信息。(所以我们需要先获取该环境文件并更新上传)
stage("PushFile"){ // when { // expression { "${env.branchName}".contains("RELEASE-") } // } steps{ script{ if ("${env.branchName}".contains("RELEASE-")){ println("branchName = branchName") env.branchName = "master" } else { env.branchName = "feature" } for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) { //下载版本库文件 response = GetRepoFile(40,"${moduleName}%2fvalues.yaml", "${env.branchName}") //println(response) //替换文件中内容 yamlData = readYaml text: """${response}""" println(yamlData.image.version) println(yamlData.image.commit) yamlData.image.version = "${releaseVersion}-${env.nowDate}" yamlData.image.commit = "${commitId}" println(yamlData.toString()) sh "rm -fr test.yaml" writeYaml charset: 'UTF-8', data: yamlData, file: 'test.yaml' newYaml = sh returnStdout: true, script: 'cat test.yaml' println(newYaml) //更新gitlab文件内容 base64Content = newYaml.bytes.encodeBase64().toString() // 会有并行问题，同时更新报错 try { UpdateRepoFile(40,"${moduleName}%2fvalues.yaml",base64Content, "${env.branchName}") break; } catch(e){ sh "sleep 2" continue; } } } } } //封装HTTP请求 def HttpReq(reqType,reqUrl,reqBody){ def gitServer = "http://gitlab.idevops.site/api/v4" withCredentials([string(credentialsId: 'gitlab-token', variable: 'gitlabToken')]) { result = httpRequest customHeaders: [[maskValue: true, name: 'PRIVATE-TOKEN', value: "${gitlabToken}"]], httpMode: reqType, contentType: "APPLICATION_JSON", consoleLogResponseBody: true, ignoreSslErrors: true, requestBody: reqBody, url: "${gitServer}/${reqUrl}" //quiet: true } return result } //获取文件内容 def GetRepoFile(projectId,filePath,branchName){ apiUrl = "projects/${projectId}/repository/files/${filePath}/raw?ref=${branchName}" response = HttpReq('GET',apiUrl,'') return response.content } //更新文件内容 def UpdateRepoFile(projectId,filePath,fileContent, branchName){ apiUrl = "projects/${projectId}/repository/files/${filePath}" reqBody = """{"branch": "${branchName}","encoding":"base64", "content": "${fileContent}", "commit_message": "update a new file"}""" response = HttpReq('PUT',apiUrl,reqBody) println(response) }images
GitOps-CD部分
CD-Scheduler作业
此作业其实也是接收GitLab的webhook请求， 与CI-scheduler作业类似。不同的是这个CD-scheduler作业是用来接收环境仓库的代码变更。开启webhook， 配置触发token。生成hookurl：http://jenkins.idevops.site/generic-webhook-trigger/invoke?token=microservicecicd-scheduler-CD
Jenkinsfile
pipeline { agent any stages { stage('GetCommitService') { steps { script{ echo 'Hello World' echo "${WebHookData}" // Git Info webhookdata = readJSON text: """${WebHookData}""" eventType = webhookdata["object_kind"] commits = webhookdata["commits"] branchName = webhookdata["ref"] - "refs/heads/" projectID = webhookdata["project_id"] commitID = webhookdata["checkout_sha"] changeServices = [] for(commit in commits) { println(commit.id) //added for (add in commit.added) { s = add.split("/") as List if (s.size() > 1){ if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){ changeServices.add(s[0]) } } } //modified for (m in commit.modified) { s = m.split("/") as List // println s // println s.size() // println s[0] if (s.size() > 1){ // println changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){ changeServices.add(s[0]) } } } //removed for (r in commit.removed) { s = r.split("/") as List println s if (s.size() > 1){ if (changeServices.indexOf(s[0]) == -1){ changeServices.add(s[0]) } } } } println(changeServices) currentBuild.description = " Trigger by ${eventType} ${changeServices} " } } } stage('DefineService') { steps { script{ println(changeServices) //服务构建顺序控制 services = ['service02', 'service01'] for (service in services){ if (changeServices.indexOf(service) != -1){ jobName = 'microservicecicd-'+service+'-service-CD' build job: jobName, wait: false, parameters: [string(name: 'branchName', value: "${branchName}" )] } } } } } } }环境库配置webhook
开启webhook，配置hookurl：http://jenkins.idevops.site/generic-webhook-trigger/invoke?token=microservicecicd-scheduler-CD
CD流水线-CD作业
Jenkinsfile
String serviceName ="${JOB_NAME}".split("-")[1] String nameSpace = "${JOB_NAME}".split("-")[0].split("/")[-1] //pipeline pipeline{ agent { node { label "k8s"}} stages{ stage("GetCode"){ steps{ script{ println("${branchName}") println("${env.branchName}".contains("RELEASE-")) println "获取代码" checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches: [[name: "${env.branchName}"]], doGenerateSubmoduleConfigurations: false, extensions: [[$class: 'SparseCheckoutPaths', sparseCheckoutPaths: [[path: "${serviceName}"]]]], submoduleCfg: [], userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: 'gitlab-admin-user', url: "http://gitlab.idevops.site/microservicecicd/microservicecicd-env.git"]]]) } } } stage("HelmDeploy"){ steps{ script{ sh """ kubectl create ns "${nameSpace}-uat" || echo false helm install "${serviceName}" --namespace "${nameSpace}-uat" ./"${serviceName}" || helm upgrade "${serviceName}" --namespace "${nameSpace}-uat" ./"${serviceName}" helm list --namespace "${nameSpace}-uat" helm history "${serviceName}" --namespace "${nameSpace}-uat" """ } } } } } 
到此，相信大家对“微服务CI/CD实践之GitOps完整设计与实现的方法教程”有了更深的了解，不妨来实际操作一番吧！这里是创新互联网站，更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询，关注我们，继续学习！