[服务搭建]bind正反向配置主从配置子域配置基本安全设置

实验环境

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系统主机名 IP 备注

Centos6.8 nod1.wupeng.com 10.208.131.222 主服务器

Centos6.8 nod2.wupeng.com 10.208.131.228 从服务器

Centos6.8 nod3.wupeng.com 10.208.131.229 子域服务器

bind程序包：

bind：提供的DNS server程序、以及几个常用的测试程序；

bind-libs：被bind和bind-utils包中的程序共同用到的库文件；

bind-utils：bind客户端程序集，例如dig, host, nslookup等；

bind-chroot：选装，让named运行于jail模式下；

对三台主机分别更改主机名关闭防火墙以及关闭selinux （iptables和selinux保存配置后需要重启服务才能生效）

nod1更改主机

[root@nod1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network    
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=nod1.wupeng.com

nod2更改主机

[root@nod2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network    
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=nod2.wupeng.com

nod3更改主机

[root@nod3 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network    
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=nod3.wupeng.com

nod1清空防火墙规则

[root@nod1 ~]# iptables -F 
[root@nod1 ~]# service iptables save

nod2清空防火墙规则

[root@nod2 ~]# iptables -F 
[root@nod2 ~]# service iptables save

nod3清空防火墙规则

[root@nod3 ~]# iptables -F 
[root@nod3 ~]# service iptables save

nod1关闭selinux安全机制

[root@nod1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux 或者 vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

nod2关闭selinux安全机制

[root@nod2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux 或者 vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

nod3关闭selinux安全机制

[root@nod3 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux 或者 vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

三台主机分别同步时间为一致可以使用ntpdate命令来进行时间同步

[root@nod1 ~]# yum install ntpdate -y

[root@nod2 ~]# yum install ntpdate -y

[root@nod3 ~]# yum install ntpdate -y

[root@nod1 ~]# ntpdate ntp.api.bz

28 Jun 15:42:08 ntpdate[1598]: step time server 17.253.84.125 offset 856096.191423 sec

[root@nod2 ~]# ntpdate ntp.api.bz

28 Jun 15:42:08 ntpdate[1577]: step time server 17.253.84.125 offset 854843.947376 sec

[root@nod3 ~]# ntpdate ntp.api.bz

28 Jun 15:42:08 ntpdate[1593]: step time server 17.253.84.125 offset 599540.432080 sec

正向配置

在nod1主机上安装bind的相关软件

[root@nod1 ~]# yum install bind bind-utils -y //bind-libs 这个库文件会进行依赖安装

编辑/etc/bind.conf主配置文件

[root@nod1 ~]# vim /etc/named.conf

options {
        listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 10.208.131.222; };        //监听地址
//      listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
        directory       "/var/named";
        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        allow-query     { any; };                   //允许的请求方式为所有人
        recursion yes;
        dnssec-enable no;                          //安全机制为NO
        dnssec-validation no;                        //安全机制为NO
        /* Path to ISC DLV key */
        bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";
        managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};

编辑/etc/named.rfc1912.zones创建正向区域文件

[root@nod1 ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

zone "wupeng.com" IN {
        type master;
        file "wupeng.com.zone";
};

利用模板创建一个wupeng.com域的区域数据文件文件权限为640 属组为named

[root@nod1 ~]# cd /var/named/

第一种：
[root@nod1 named]# cp -p named.localhost wupeng.com.zone
第二种：
[root@nod1 named]# cp -rf named.localhost wupeng.com.zone
[root@nod1 named]# chmod 640 wupeng.com.zone 
[root@nod1 named]# chgrp named wupeng.com.zone

查看文件属性

[root@nod1 named]# ll wupeng.com.zone 
-rw-r----- 1 root named 152 6月  21 2007 wupeng.com.zone

编辑wupeng.com.zone文件记录 NS和A记录

[root@nod1 named]# vim wupeng.com.zone

$TTL 1D
$ORIGIN wupeng.com.
@       IN SOA  ns1.wupeng.com. admin.wupeng.com. (
                                        2017062800      ; serial
                                        1D              ; refresh
                                        1H              ; retry
                                        1W              ; expire
                                        3H )            ; minimum
        IN      NS      ns1.wupeng.com.
ns1     IN      A       10.208.131.222
www     IN      A       10.208.131.223

检测主配置文件和区域数据文件是否有错误

[root@nod1 named]# named-checkconf                        //正确是没有任何提示
[root@nod1 named]# named-checkzone wupeng.com /var/named/wupeng.com.zone 
zone wupeng.com/IN: loaded serial 2017062800
OK

启动bind服务并测试正向解析是否成功

[root@nod1 named]# service named start

Generating /etc/rndc.key: [确定]

启动 named： [确定]

测试:

[root@nod1 named]# dig -t A www.wupeng.com @10.208.131.222

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2 <<>> -t A www.wupeng.com @10.208.131.222

;; global options: +cmd

;; Got answer:

;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 33056

;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; QUESTION SECTION:

;www.wupeng.com. INA

;; ANSWER SECTION:

www.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.223

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

wupeng.com. 86400INNSns1.wupeng.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:

ns1.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.222

;; Query time: 0 msec

;; SERVER: 10.208.131.222#53(10.208.131.222)

;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 21:26:24 2017

;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 82

解释:

-t A www.wupeng.com 类型为A记录的域名

@10.208.131.222 以10.208.131.222的IP进行解析无需在/etc/resolv.conf里进行设置

编辑/etc/named.rfc1912.zones创建反向区域文件

[root@nod1 named]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "131.208.10.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type master;
        file "10.208.131";
};

利用模板创建一个10.208.131.zone的区域数据文件文件权限为640 属组为named

[root@nod1 ~]# cd /var/named/

第一种：
[root@nod1 named]# cp -p named.loopback 10.208.131.zone
第二种：
[root@nod1 named]# cp -rf named.loopback 10.208.131.zone
[root@nod1 named]# chmod 640 wupeng.com.zone 
[root@nod1 named]# chgrp named wupeng.com.zone

查看文件属性

[root@nod1 named]# ll 10.208.131.zone

-rw-r----- 1 root named 263 6月 28 21:07 10.208.131.zone

编辑wupeng.com.zone文件记录 NS和PTR记录

[root@nod1 named]# vim 10.208.131.zone
$TTL 1D
$ORIGIN 131.208.10.in-addr.arpa.
@       IN SOA  ns1.wupeng.com  admin.wupeng.com. (
                                        2017062800        ; serial
                                        1D              ; refresh
                                        1H              ; retry
                                        1W              ; expire
                                        3H )             ; minimum
      IN       NS     ns1.wupeng.com.
222     IN      PTR     ns1.wupeng.com.
223     IN      PTR     www.wupeng.com.

重新加载bind服务并测试反向解析是否成功

[root@nod1 named]# rndc reload

server reload successful

测试：

[root@nod1 named]# dig -x 10.208.131.223 @10.208.131.222

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2 <<>> -x 10.208.131.223 @10.208.131.222

;; global options: +cmd

;; Got answer:

;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 54483

;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; QUESTION SECTION:

;223.131.208.10.in-addr.arpa.INPTR

;; ANSWER SECTION:

223.131.208.10.in-addr.arpa. 86400 INPTRwww.wupeng.com.

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

131.208.10.in-addr.arpa. 86400INNSns1.wupeng.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:

ns1.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.222

;; Query time: 0 msec

;; SERVER: 10.208.131.222#53(10.208.131.222)

;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 21:19:16 2017

;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 107

主从复制

在主服务器添加从服务器的NS和A记录并重新加载服务

$TTL 1D

$ORIGIN wupeng.com.

@ IN SOA ns1.wupeng.com. admin.wupeng.com. (

2017062802 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

IN NS ns1.wupeng.com.

IN NS ns2.wupeng.com.

ns1 IN A 10.208.131.222

ns2 IN A 10.208.131.228

www IN A 10.208.131.223

[root@nod1 named]# rndc reload

server reload successful

在主机nod2上安装bind相关文件

[root@nod2 ~]# yum install bind bind-utils -y

配置bind主文件

vim /etc/named.conf
options {
        listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 10.208.131.228; };
//      listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
        directory       "/var/named";
        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        allow-query     { any; };
        recursion yes;
        dnssec-enable no;
        dnssec-validation no;
        /* Path to ISC DLV key */
        bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";
        managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};

配置区域文件

[root@nod2 ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones 
zone "wupeng.com" IN {
        type slave;
        file "slaves/wupeng.com";
        masters { 10.208.131.222; };
};
zone "131.208.10.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type slave;
        file "10.208.131.zone";
        masters { 10.208.131.222; };
};

检查配置是否有错误

[root@nod2 ~]# named-checkconf

启动bind服务查看区域数据是否传输到slaves目录下并测试

[root@nod2 ~]# service named start

启动 named： [确定]

[root@nod2 ~]# ll /var/named/slaves/

总用量 8

-rw-r--r-- 1 named named 390 6月 28 21:55 10.208.131.zone

-rw-r--r-- 1 named named 335 6月 28 21:54 wupeng.com

测试:

[root@nod2 ~]# dig www.wupeng.com @10.208.131.228

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2 <<>> www.wupeng.com @10.208.131.228

;; global options: +cmd

;; Got answer:

;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 1634

;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; QUESTION SECTION:

;www.wupeng.com. INA

;; ANSWER SECTION:

www.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.223

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

wupeng.com. 86400INNSns1.wupeng.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:

ns1.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.222

;; Query time: 0 msec

;; SERVER: 10.208.131.228#53(10.208.131.228)

;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 21:56:38 2017

;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 82

[root@nod2 ~]# dig -x 10.208.131.223 @10.208.131.228

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2 <<>> -x 10.208.131.223 @10.208.131.228

;; global options: +cmd

;; Got answer:

;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 18940

;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; QUESTION SECTION:

;223.131.208.10.in-addr.arpa.INPTR

;; ANSWER SECTION:

223.131.208.10.in-addr.arpa. 86400 INPTRwww.wupeng.com.

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

131.208.10.in-addr.arpa. 86400INNSns1.wupeng.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:

ns1.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.222

;; Query time: 0 msec

;; SERVER: 10.208.131.228#53(10.208.131.228)

;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 21:57:05 2017

;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 107

在主服务器新增一条记录在进行测试

[root@nod1 named]# vim /var/named/wupeng.com.zone

$TTL 1D

$ORIGIN wupeng.com.

@ IN SOA ns1.wupeng.com. admin.wupeng.com. (

2017062802 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

IN NS ns1.wupeng.com.

IN NS ns2.wupeng.com.

ns1 IN A 10.208.131.222

ns2 IN A 10.208.131.228

www IN A 10.208.131.223

dns IN A 10.208.131.224

[root@nod1 named]# vim 10.208.131.zone

$TTL 1D

$ORIGIN 131.208.10.in-addr.arpa.

@ IN SOA ns1.wupeng.com admin.wupeng.com. (

2017062802 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

IN NS ns1.wupeng.com.

IN NS ns2.wupeng.com.

222 IN PTR ns1.wupeng.com.

228 IN PTR ns2.wupeng.com.

223 IN PTR www.wupeng.com.

224 IN PTR dns.wupeng.com.

重新加载主服务器

[root@nod1 named]# rndc reload

server reload successful

重新加载从服务器

[root@nod2 ~]# rndc reload wupeng.com

zone refresh queued

[root@nod2 ~]# rndc reload 131.208.10.in-addr.arpa

zone refresh queued

NOTE:rndc reload 在从服务器不生效尝试过多次只能在后边加区域才生效

测试：

[root@nod2 ~]# dig dns.wupeng.com @10.208.131.228

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2 <<>> dns.wupeng.com @10.208.131.228

;; global options: +cmd

;; Got answer:

;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 30389

;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; QUESTION SECTION:

;dns.wupeng.com. INA

;; ANSWER SECTION:

dns.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.224

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

wupeng.com. 86400INNSns1.wupeng.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:

ns1.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.222

;; Query time: 0 msec

;; SERVER: 10.208.131.228#53(10.208.131.228)

;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 22:29:46 2017

;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 82

[root@nod2 ~]# dig -x 10.208.131.224 @10.208.131.228

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2 <<>> -x 10.208.131.224 @10.208.131.228

;; global options: +cmd

;; Got answer:

;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 20995

;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; QUESTION SECTION:

;224.131.208.10.in-addr.arpa.INPTR

;; ANSWER SECTION:

224.131.208.10.in-addr.arpa. 86400 INPTRdns.wupeng.com.

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

131.208.10.in-addr.arpa. 86400INNSns1.wupeng.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:

ns1.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.222

;; Query time: 1 msec

;; SERVER: 10.208.131.228#53(10.208.131.228)

;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 22:30:07 2017

;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 107

子域配置

在主机nod3上安装bind相关软件并配置主文件

[root@nod3 ~]# yum install bind bind-utils -y
[root@nod3 ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
        listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 10.208.131.229; };
//      listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
        directory       "/var/named";
        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        allow-query     { any; };
        recursion yes;
        dnssec-enable no;
        dnssec-validation no;
        /* Path to ISC DLV key */
        bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";
        managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};
[root@nod3 ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones 
zone "music.wupeng.com" IN {
        type master;
        file "music.wupeng.com.zone";
};
zone "wupeng.com" IN {                                    //设置了转发功能才能进行查询和传输区域文件
        type forward;
        forward only;
        forwarders { 10.208.131.222; 10.208.131.228; };
};

复制模板创建子域区域配置文件

[root@nod3 named]# cp -p named.localhost music.wupeng.com.zone

[root@nod3 named]# vim music.wupeng.com.zone

$TTL 1D

$ORIGIN music.wupeng.com.

@ IN SOA ns3.music.wupeng.com. admin.music.wupeng.com. (

2017062800 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

IN NS ns3.music

ns3.music IN A 10.208.131.229

www IN A 10.208.131.230

检测是否有配置错误

[root@nod3 named]# named-checkzone music.wupeng.com /var/named/music.wupeng.com.zone

zone music.wupeng.com/IN: loaded serial 2017062800

在主服务器添加子域的NS和A记录

[root@nod1 named]# vim /etc/named.conf

$TTL 1D

$ORIGIN wupeng.com.

@ IN SOA ns1.wupeng.com. admin.wupeng.com. (

2017062802 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

IN NS ns1.wupeng.com.

IN NS ns2.wupeng.com.

ns1 IN A 10.208.131.222

ns2 IN A 10.208.131.228

www IN A 10.208.131.223

dns IN A 10.208.131.224

ns3 IN NS ns3.music

ns3.music IN A 10.208.131.229

重新加载主配置文件启动nod3的bind的服务

[root@nod1 named]# rndc reload

server reload successful

测试:

[root@nod3 named]# dig www.music.wupeng.com @10.208.131.229

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2 <<>> www.music.wupeng.com @10.208.131.229

;; global options: +cmd

;; Got answer:

;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 46119

;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; QUESTION SECTION:

;www.music.wupeng.com. INA

;; ANSWER SECTION:

www.music.wupeng.com.86400INA10.208.131.230

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

music.wupeng.com.86400INNSns3.music.music.wupeng.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:

ns3.music.music.wupeng.com. 86400 INA10.208.131.229

;; Query time: 0 msec

;; SERVER: 10.208.131.229#53(10.208.131.229)

;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 23:28:55 2017

;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 94

[root@nod3 named]# dig www.wupeng.com @10.208.131.229

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2 <<>> www.wupeng.com @10.208.131.229

;; global options: +cmd

;; Got answer:

;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 25255

;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2

;; QUESTION SECTION:

;www.wupeng.com. INA

;; ANSWER SECTION:

www.wupeng.com. 86365INA10.208.131.223

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

wupeng.com. 86365INNSns1.wupeng.com.

wupeng.com. 86365INNSns2.wupeng.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:

ns1.wupeng.com. 86365INA10.208.131.222

ns2.wupeng.com. 86365INA10.208.131.228

;; Query time: 13 msec

;; SERVER: 10.208.131.229#53(10.208.131.229)

;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 23:29:06 2017

;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 116

[root@nod3 named]# dig -t axfr wupeng.com @10.208.131.222 //全量区域传送

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2 <<>> -t axfr wupeng.com @10.208.131.222

;; global options: +cmd

wupeng.com. 86400INSOAns1.wupeng.com. admin.wupeng.com. 2017062802 86400 3600

604800 10800wupeng.com. 86400INNSns1.wupeng.com.

wupeng.com. 86400INNSns2.wupeng.com.

dns.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.224

ns3.music.wupeng.com.86400INA10.208.131.229

ns1.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.222

ns2.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.228

ns3.wupeng.com. 86400INNSns3.music.wupeng.com.

www.wupeng.com. 86400INA10.208.131.223

wupeng.com. 86400INSOAns1.wupeng.com. admin.wupeng.com. 2017062802 86400 3600

604800 10800;; Query time: 4 msec

;; SERVER: 10.208.131.222#53(10.208.131.222)

;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 23:41:31 2017

;; XFR size: 10 records (messages 1, bytes 258)

可以进行全量传输区域数据一般是不允许的所以我们要进行安全配置

在主机nod1主配置文件上配置acl 只允许从服务器传输全局之外定义

[root@nod1 named]# vim /etc/named.conf
acl slaves {
        10.208.131.228;
};
[root@nod1 named]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones 
zone "wupeng.com" IN {
        type master;
        file "wupeng.com.zone";
        allow-transfer { slaves; };
        allow-update { none; };
};
zone "131.208.10.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type master;
        file "10.208.131.zone";
        allow-transfer { slaves; };
        allow-update { none; };
};

重新加载服务

[root@nod1 named]# rndc reload

server reload successful

在主机nod2上配置文件不进行更新

zone "wupeng.com" IN {
        type slave;
        file "slaves/wupeng.com";
        masters { 10.208.131.222; };
        allow-transfer { none; };
        allow-update { none; };
};
zone "131.208.10.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type slave;
        file "slaves/10.208.131.zone";
        masters { 10.208.131.222; };
        allow-transfer { none; };
        allow-update { none; };
};

重新加载服务

[root@nod2 slaves]# rndc reload

server reload successful

测试

[root@nod3 named]# dig -t axfr wupeng.com @10.208.131.222

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2 <<>> -t axfr wupeng.com @10.208.131.222

;; global options: +cmd

; Transfer failed.

[root@nod3 named]# dig -t axfr wupeng.com @10.208.131.228

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2 <<>> -t axfr wupeng.com @10.208.131.228

;; global options: +cmd

; Transfer failed.

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